Protecting Your Eyes from Sunburn: Understanding Photokeratitis

A woman at the beach wearing sunglasses and a straw hat

As summer approaches, many people prioritize sunscreen and hydration, but eye protection is just as essential. Photokeratitis, commonly referred to as "sunburned eyes," occurs when excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation damages the cornea, leading to discomfort and temporary vision impairment.

Besides direct sunlight, other sources of ultraviolet light that can cause photokeratitis include:

• Sunlight that’s reflected into your eyes from snow, ice, water, sand, or cement.

• Lamps used in tanning beds or booths.

• Laser light.

• Mercury vapor lamps or halogen desk lamps.

• Lightning or electric sparks.

• Arc welding equipment or photographic flood lamps.

• Light used to disinfect or used as medical treatment.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Photokeratitis

Photokeratitis can develop after prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or reflected UV rays from surfaces like water, sand, or snow. Symptoms may include:

• Eye redness and irritation

• Sensitivity to light

• Watery or blurry vision

• A gritty sensation, similar to having sand in the eyes

• Headaches

• Temporary vision disturbances

Preventing UV-Related Eye Damage

To minimize the risk of photokeratitis, consider the following protective measures:

• Wear high-quality sunglasses that provide 100 percent UVA and UVB protection. Wraparound styles offer additional coverage.

• Use a wide-brimmed hat to reduce direct sun exposure.

• Be mindful of reflective surfaces—UV rays bounce off water, sand, and pavement, increasing exposure.

• Stay hydrated to support overall eye health.

• Avoid direct sun exposure during peak hours, typically between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when UV radiation is strongest.

Managing Sunburned Eyes

If symptoms of photokeratitis occur, follow these recommended care steps:

• Use preservative-free artificial tears to soothe irritation.

• Apply a cool compress to reduce inflammation.

• Avoid rubbing the eyes, as this can worsen discomfort.

• Limit exposure to bright light until symptoms subside.

• Seek professional eye care if symptoms persist beyond 24 hours or worsen.

Prioritize Your Eye Health This Summer

UV-related eye damage is preventable with proper precautions and routine eye care. If you experience discomfort or need guidance on protecting your vision, schedule an appointment with Dr. Baldwin at Surfside Family Eye Care today.

See you soon!

The Surfside Family Eye Care Team